2011成考輔導：成考專升本英語復習資料二

來源：育路成人高考發(fā)布時間：2011-09-13

    四、名詞在句子中的作用

    名詞在句子中可以作主語、賓語、賓語補足語、表語、定語，有時可以作狀語。

    名詞、代詞或其他結構作主語時，謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上必須與主語保持一致。

    1.主語是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；主語是復數(shù)時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。

    All roads lead to Rome.（條條大路通羅馬。）

    His brother is an industrial engineer.

    The number of the students attending the party is increasing.

    the number of 表示數(shù)量，無論后面名詞是復數(shù)還是單數(shù)，謂語動詞是單數(shù)形式。

    Two-thirds of the shop belongs to me.

    two-thirds 三分之二

    幾分之幾作主語，謂語是單數(shù)形式。

    belong to 屬于某人

    Both of us are studying English.

    總結：在名詞作主語時，the number of 謂語動詞單數(shù)形式；

    幾分之幾，謂語單數(shù)形式；

    both 謂語使用復數(shù)形式。

    2、主語是不可數(shù)名詞、不定式或動名詞詞組、從句時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。

    All the money he received was given to his mother.

    Forgetting the past means betrayal.

    What we are talking now is useless.

    3.主語部分若有as well as， with， together with， like， but， except等短語，謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)與短語前面的名詞一致。

    Mary， as well as her two sisters， is a student of this school.

    （as well as her two sisters 作主語Mary的主語補足語，主語 Mary 是單數(shù)，所以謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式）

    No one except my friends knows anything about it.

    4.表示時間、距離、重量、價值等的復數(shù)名詞作主語時，如果當作整體看待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。“…+（×）…=…”算式中的謂語動詞也用單數(shù)形式。

    Three times two is six.

    Three kilometers is 3，ooo metres. （three kilometers作為整體來看）

    5.Either， neither作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。

    Neither of us has been to Italy.

    Has either of them been to Shanghai？

    none代表可數(shù)的人或東西時，謂語動詞可以用單數(shù)也可以用復數(shù)，代表不可數(shù)的東西時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。

    None of the students have/has seen the film.

    None of the money belongs to me.

    6.主語由either…or， neither…nor， not only…but also連接時，謂語形式由最鄰近的主語決定。

    Not only you but also I am wrong.

    Neither my aunt nor I am going out this afternoon.

    Either you or she is to do the work.

    7.主語中有and，如果表示單一概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

    The bread and butter is nice.

    8.主語前有many a， more than one修飾時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。

    Many a book has been read by the students.

    many a book=many books

    More than one person has been to the Great Wall.

    9.集合名詞作主語，當作整體看待時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，當作每個獨立的個體看待時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。

    The committee meets once a year. （作為整體）

    The committee are having a meeting now. （作為獨立個體）

    People， police作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。

    The police have come to arrest him.

    名詞部分考試重點

    1、可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞里，哪幾個詞是不可數(shù)名詞。

    2、可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式重點掌握不規(guī)則形式，單、復數(shù)相同的名詞。

    3、名詞所有格重點掌握時間名詞所有格在其后加s，復數(shù)加。

    4、名詞在句中的作用，重點掌握剛才的9點。

    考點測試

    1.Ten days ______ long enough for Mr. Carter to finish his design. He doesnt need any more.

    A. is B. has been C. was D. had been

    ten days 作為一個整體看待，謂語用單數(shù)形式。（注意時態(tài)）

    答案 A

    2. Now， many people use the word Ms instead of Miss or Mrs， for example， before the names of ______ in business letters.

    A. woman manager B. women manager C. woman managers D. women managers

    names 是復數(shù)形式，其后的名詞肯定是復數(shù)。

    兩個名詞變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)，兩個都要變。

    答案 D

    3. The number of students who failed the chemistry examination _____ to fifteen.

    A. have increased B. has increased C. is increased D. are increasing

    the number of 謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

    答案 B

    4. Neither John nor his father _______ able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train.

    A. was B. were C. would be D. have been

    neither……nor謂語動詞跟相鄰的主語一致。

    答案 A

    5. The room is eight _______ long.

    A. foot B. foots C. feet D. feets

    foot 英尺，復數(shù)形式 feet

    答案 C

    6. When autumn comes， the ______ of trees begin to fall.

    A. leafs B. leafes C. leaves D. leaf

    leaf 的復數(shù)形式 leaves

    答案 C

    7. The flood has done _____ to this area.

    A. damages B. many damages C. much damage D. damaging

    8. Not only the students but also their teacher ______ at the meeting.

    A. was present B. were present C. have been presented D. has been presented

    not only…… but also 謂語動詞與相鄰名詞一致。

    present 呈現(xiàn)，介紹

    答案 A

    9. One of the things she wrote about ______ life on a small farm at the beginning of the century.

    A. is B. was C. are D. were

    one of 謂語用單數(shù)。

    答案 B

    10. Only about one out of twelve of the young men and women of this country _____ college education.

    A. receive B. receives C. have received D. have been received

    one out of 謂語用單數(shù)形式。

    答案 B

    11. Never before ______ so many people been engaged in producing goods just for the comfort of man.

    A. has B. have C. will D. would

    never before開頭，句子倒裝。

    主語so many people為復數(shù)。

    engage in doing sth. 忙于做某事。

    答案 B

    12. At the bus stop _______ a soldier and two young people on their way to North Carolina.

    A. were B. was C. is D. sits and waits

    主語 a soldier and two young people為復數(shù)

    答案 A

    13. There ______ the last piece of cake and the last spoonful of ice cream.

    A. goes B. go C. gone D. was gone

    主語 the last piece of cake and the last spoonful of ice cream復數(shù)

    答案 B

    14. Mr. Brown， and not I ， ________ chosen to be the representative of the class.

    A. is B. am C. are D. have been

    主語 Mr.Brown

    答案 A

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