高考英語有關(guān)虛擬語氣語法的重要語法
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I 虛擬語氣在if 引導(dǎo)的條件句中的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)。
�、� if my lawyer had been here last Saturday， he would have prevented me from going.
�、� if you had studied hard at school， you would be a college student now.
句子①②都是虛擬語氣在條件句中的使用，從句中都是假設(shè)過去的情況，所以用過去完成時(shí)，但在主句中，句①依然指代過去的情況，謂語動(dòng)詞是would have done，而②中含有一個(gè)表示現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間狀語now， 這樣就必須將其理解為假設(shè)現(xiàn)在的情況，所以謂語動(dòng)詞必須為would/should/might+動(dòng)詞原形，學(xué)生在這一點(diǎn)上經(jīng)常會(huì)忽略now的存在，從而按句①的形式填寫答案。
�、蛱摂M語氣在名詞性從句中的用法
1.在it is important (strange， natural， necessary……)+that 句子或者It is decided (ordered， suggested， demanded， advised……)+that句子中，主語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞常用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形結(jié)構(gòu)，表示某事“重要”、“必要”、“被決定”等
例如：① it is important that everyone (should ) obey the rules all day and all night.
�、� it is decided that the meeting (should) be held tomorrow afternoon.
2. suggest， insist 后面指賓語從句時(shí)需注意的地方
1)①suggest 當(dāng)“建議”“提出”講時(shí)，其后賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”
例如：He suggested that the work (should) be started at once 他建議立即動(dòng)工。
類似的動(dòng)詞還有insist堅(jiān)持，demand要求，desire要求、請(qǐng)求，request請(qǐng)求，require要求、需要，order命令，propose建議，command命令，ask要求，advise建議，prefer寧愿等。
這些動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)語態(tài)(如：It is suggested + that主語從句)形式后，主語從句謂語動(dòng)詞仍用“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”
這些動(dòng)詞變名詞(如suggestion)后，其后的表語從句和同位語從句中的謂語部分仍用“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”
②suggest 當(dāng)“提出(某看法)，暗示，啟發(fā)”講時(shí)，其后賓語從句的動(dòng)詞不用虛擬語氣。
例如：(1)The police suggested that the thief might be one of the family member
警察局提出竊賊可能是一名家庭成員。
(2)Her yawns suggests that she is sleepy. 她打哈欠表明她困了。
(3)Although he didn’t suggest that we __ the decision to swim across the river， but his look suggested that our decision __wrong.雖然他沒提出我們應(yīng)該終止游過這條河的決定，但他的表情表明我們的決定是錯(cuò)誤的。
A:stop; was B: should stop; be C: stopped ;was D: stopped; should be
在這個(gè)句子中，前一個(gè)suggest當(dāng)“建議”“提出”講，而后一個(gè)作“表明”講，所以答案為“A”
2)①insist作“堅(jiān)決要求…該…;堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為…定要…”講時(shí)，其后賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”
例如：I insisted that you (should) be there on time.我堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)時(shí)到那里去
�、趇nsist 作“堅(jiān)持(意見，看法);堅(jiān)持說，確信”講時(shí)，其后從句不用虛擬語氣。
例如：He suggested (that) he heard someone in the next room. 他堅(jiān)持說他聽到隔壁屋子里有人。
(責(zé)任編輯：郭峰)
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