高一英語(yǔ)：知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)Unit5-6(9)

 　　4. be afraid, be afraid to do sth., be afraid of (doing) sth.

　　(1) be afraid 意為“擔(dān)心，害怕”，多用于口語(yǔ)，常用來(lái)表示一種歉意，或遺憾，后可接 so 或 not，也可接 that 從句。I'm afraid (that) 其語(yǔ)意相當(dāng)于 I'm sorry, but...。

　　-- Are we on time? 我們準(zhǔn)時(shí)嗎? -- I'm afraid not. 恐怕不準(zhǔn)時(shí)。I'm afraid you'll get caught in the rain.

　　(2) be afraid to do sth 常表示“由于膽小而不敢做某事”。She is afraid to be here alone. / He is afraid to jump into the river from the bridge.

　　(3) be afraid of (doing) sth. 常表示“擔(dān)心或害怕某事(發(fā)生)”。I was afraid of hurting her feelings.

　　5. live, living, alive, lively

　　(1) live adj.

　　① 活的;活生生的;(只修飾生物;只作前置定語(yǔ)) The laboratory is doing experiments with several live monkeys.

　�、� 實(shí)況直播的 (不是錄音)It wasn't a recorded show. It was live.

　�、� 帶電的;燃著的;可爆炸的 This is a live wire.

　　(2) living adj. 活著的，有生命的(作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)) She was, he thought, the best living novelist in England. / The old man is still living. (或alive)

　　(3) alive adj. ① 活著的;② 有活力的;有生氣

　　作后置定語(yǔ)：Who's the greatest man alive?

　　作表語(yǔ)：Was the snake alive or dead? / My grandmother is more alive than a lot of young people.

　　作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：Let's keep the fish alive.

　　(4) lively adj. 活潑的;有生氣的;活躍的(作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)) The music is bright and lively.

　　6. take off, take down, take in, take on, take up

　　(1) take off

　�、� (飛機(jī))起飛 A helicopter is able to take off and land straight up or down.

　　② 脫下(衣裳等);取下 He took off his wet shoes. / Who took the knob off the door?

　�、� 休假;請(qǐng)假;歇工 When his wife was sick he took off from work.

　　④ (指觀念、產(chǎn)品) 大受歡迎;(事業(yè))突然發(fā)達(dá)，成功The new type of cell phones has really taken off. / His business began to take off when he was in his forties.

　　(2) take down

　�、� 拿下來(lái);取下來(lái) He reached up to the third shelf of the bookcase and took down a dictionary.

　�、� 記下來(lái) He read out the names and his secretary took them down.

　　(3) take in

　　① 接受 (房客，客人等);收留 The farmers took in the lost travelers for the night.

　�、� 理解;領(lǐng)會(huì);明白 The boys could not take in his meaning.

　�、郯�括;涉及 The study of physics takes in many different subjects.

　　④使上當(dāng);欺騙We were completely taken in by her story.

　　(4) take on

　�、� 接受;從事(某工作) After his father died, Bill took on the management of the factory.

　　② 雇用Is the supermarket taking on any more assis- tant?

　�、� 具有(新面貌、意思等) The city has taken on a new look.

　　(5) take up

　�、� 從事某項(xiàng)活動(dòng);發(fā)展某種愛(ài)好 So many young men want to take up writing.

　�、� 開(kāi)始做(某項(xiàng)工作);開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)(某個(gè)課程) Then she took up the task of getting the breakfast. / He dropped medicine and took up physics.

　�、� 占去 (時(shí)間或空間) The meeting took up the whole morning. / The table takes up too much room.

　　④ 接受I'd like to take up your offer of a ride into town.

　　(責(zé)任編輯：康彥林)

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